Statistical Overview of the Canadian Ornamental Industry, 2018
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Overview
The ornamental horticulture sector includes the floriculture (primarily cut flowers and potted plants), nursery, Christmas tree, and turf sod industries. In 2018, the sector generated farm gate sales of $2.34 billion, including resales by producers. Due to changes in the Statistics Canada methodology for all 2016 surveys related to the nursery sectorFootnote 1, figures discussed in this report are not directly comparable to any information gathered in prior years.
Floriculture (greenhouse flowers and potted plants) remained the largest industry by revenue, accounting for 66.5% of total sales. Floriculture sales have been relatively stable over the last 5 years, totaling $1.56 billion in 2018. Ontario, British Columbia and Quebec accounted for the majority of Canada’s total floriculture sales, with Ontario contributing more than half of Canadian sales at 51.2%.
Nursery sales totaled $643.5 million in 2018, accounting for 27.5% of total ornamental sales. By province, Ontario accounted for 41.9% of total nursery sales in 2018, followed by British Columbia and Quebec with 31.5% and 13.4%, respectively.
While most floriculture production takes place within climate controlled greenhouses, most nursery production takes place outdoors. Both sub-sectors show an increase in average farm size and a decrease in the number of operations over time leading to fewer but larger and more productive operations. The nursery industry is typically more vertically integrated than the floriculture industry with a combination of retail sales, landscaping, installation and maintenance services forming part of the income mix for many producers.
Turf sod sales totaled $140.4 million in 2018, accounting for 6.0% of total ornamental sales. Ontario led the country in sod sales at 38.8% of the national total. While turf sod is widely used for public spaces, sports fields and similar large applications, the trend in total annual volume of turf sod sold tends to mirror that of new home construction.
Ornamental products are distributed through multiple channels. Mass-market chain stores are the primary distributers of floriculture products, accounting for 30.6% of total sales in 2018. However, landscape contractors and garden centres are the two largest distribution channels for nursery products, making up 26.1% and 17.7% of total sales, respectively.
In 2018, 26,423 people were directly employed in the production of ornamental products. 57.2% of these employees worked in specialized greenhouse flower and plant operations, 37.3% in nurseries, and 5.5% on sod farms. Due to the seasonal nature of the ornamental business, each of the sub-sectors employs more seasonal labour than permanent labour. Seasonal employees are defined as employees who work less than eight months during the year. 64.4% percent of greenhouse flower and plant production employees were seasonal workers, while 73.2% of sod workers and 69.1% of nursery workers fell into the seasonal category.
Canada’s largest ornamental trade partner continues to be the United States, accounting for 99.3% of exports and 47.8% of imports in the sector. Canadian worldwide exports totaled $543.0 million in 2018, and imports amounted to $547.3 million, resulting to a net negative trade balance of approximately $4.3 million, down $30.4 million from 2017.
1. Production
1.1. Number of Canadian ornamental farms[1] by sub-sector
2011 | 2016 | Change | |
---|---|---|---|
Floriculture[2] | 3,016 | 2,403 | −20.3% |
Nursery[3] | 3,438 | 2,780 | −19.1% |
Sod | 375 | 265 | −29.3% |
Christmas trees | 2,381 | 1,872 | −21.4% |
Total | 9,210 | 7,320 | −20.5% |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Agriculture. Tables 32-10-0419-01, 32-10-0420-01 and 32-10-0421-01 |
1.2. Area of Canadian ornamental farms by sub-sector (hectares)
2011 | 2016 | Change | |
---|---|---|---|
Floriculture | 859 | 793 | −7.7% |
Nursery[1] | 24,146 | 19,859 | −17.8% |
Sod | 25,684 | 22,953 | −10.6% |
Christmas trees | 28,315 | 23,787 | −16.0% |
Total | 79,004 | 67,392 | −14.7% |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Agriculture. Tables 32-10-0419-01, 32-10-0420-01 and 32-10-0421-01 |
1.3. Area per farm (average) of Canadian ornamental farms by sub-sector (hectares)
2011 | 2016 | Change | |
---|---|---|---|
Floriculture | 0.28 | 0.33 | 15.8% |
Nursery[1] | 7.02 | 7.14 | 1.7% |
Sod | 68.49 | 86.62 | 26.5% |
Christmas trees | 11.89 | 12.71 | 6.9% |
Total | 8.58 | 9.21 | 7.3% |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Agriculture. Tables 32-10-0419-01, 32-10-0420-01 and 32-10-0421-01 |
1.4. Operations, area and months of operation for specialized greenhouse flowers and plants[1]
Total greenhouse operations (number) | Total greenhouse area (square metres) | Total months of operation (number) | |
---|---|---|---|
2014 | 1,940 | 7,899,309 | 19,300 |
2015 | 1,872 | 7,996,415 | 17,147 |
2016 | 1,811 | 7,601,836 | 15,927 |
2017 | 1,703 | 7,353,127 | 14,855 |
2018 | 1,651 | 7,260,444 | 14,143 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0019-01 Estimates of specialized greenhouse operations, greenhouse area, and months of operation |
1.5. Total area for production of specialized greenhouse flowers and plants by province (square metres)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atlantic provinces | 299,056 | 280,201 | 257,890 | 260,182 | 250,972 |
Quebec | 1,233,623 | 1,220,000 | 1,213,584 | 1,181,037 | 1,178,262 |
Ontario | 3,509,557 | 3,656,452 | 3,729,701 | 3,480,642 | 3,417,170 |
Prairie provinces | 862,062 | 863,731 | 767,503 | 837,687 | 845,580 |
British Columbia | 1,995,011 | 1,976,031 | 1,614,579 | 1,584,010 | 1,568,459 |
Canada | 7,899,309 | 7,996,415 | 7,601,836 | 7,353,127 | 7,260,444 |
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0019-01 Estimates of specialized greenhouse operations, greenhouse area, and months of operation |
1.6. Production of greenhouse flowers and plants by category (number in millions)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bedding plants, ornamental | 527.65 | 478.30 | 469.58 | 457.46 | 441.54 |
Cut flowers | 317.65 | 314.37 | 306.31 | 291.34 | 296.32 |
Potted plants[1] | 192.06 | 217.19 | 216.38 | 209.26 | 219.56 |
Cuttings | 97.22 | 98.34 | 89.74 | 87.91 | 84.61 |
Total | 1,134.58 | 1,108.20 | 1,082.02 | 1,045.98 | 1,042.04 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0246-01 Production and sale of greenhouse flowers and plants |
1.7. Production of potted plants by variety (number in thousands)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Geraniums, outdoor | 19,123 | 18,784 | 16,472 | 15,633 | 15,680 |
Tropical foliage and green plants | 8,110 | 11,435 | 11,425 | 15,557 | 15,279 |
Fine herb plants, outdoor | n/a | n/a | 10,698 | 12,561 | 12,321 |
Outdoor hanging pots | 12,637 | 12,762 | 12,896 | 11,433 | 11,689 |
Vegetable plants, outdoor | n/a | n/a | 7,227 | 9,714 | 10,399 |
Miniature roses, indoor | 9,552 | 10,184 | 10,318 | 10,214 | 9,555 |
Kalanchoes, indoor | 7,267 | 8,464 | 8,024 | 7,178 | 9,412 |
Chrysanthemums, indoor | 7,905 | 7,457 | 6,335 | 6,037 | 8,406 |
Herbaceous flowering perennials, outdoor | 10,979 | 11,692 | 8,130 | 7,960 | 8,323 |
Begonias, outdoor | 6,288 | 6,880 | 6,708 | 6,135 | 6,088 |
Poinsettias, indoor | 7,141 | 7,222 | 6,451 | 5,690 | 5,919 |
Petunias, outdoor | 7,335 | 8,409 | 6,923 | 6,878 | 5,572 |
Gerberas, indoor | 4,739 | 5,042 | 4,230 | 4,171 | 4,445 |
African violets, indoor | 5,717 | 8,937 | 7,278 | 3,833 | 4,377 |
Hawker's balsams, outdoor | 3,596 | 4,121 | 3,889 | 3,977 | 4,067 |
Orchids, indoor | 2,797 | 3,137 | 2,115 | 3,036 | 3,170 |
Lilies, indoor | 3,251 | 5,845 | 3,495 | 2,811 | 3,121 |
Chrysanthemums, outdoor | 3,904 | 4,018 | 3,630 | 3,660 | 2,969 |
Calibrachoas, outdoor | n/a | n/a | 2,624 | 2,373 | 2,310 |
Cyclamens, indoor | 1,820 | 2,340 | 1,925 | 1,719 | 2,243 |
Tulips, indoor | 1,862 | 2,321 | 2,090 | 2,158 | 2,216 |
Primulas, indoor | 1,874 | 2,396 | 3,078 | 2,291 | 1,960 |
Pansies, outdoor | n/a | n/a | 1,456 | 1,619 | 1,680 |
Indoor hanging pots | 899 | 1,505 | 1,275 | 940 | 1,212 |
Dahlia, outdoor | n/a | n/a | 983 | 974 | 901 |
Verbenas, outdoor | n/a | n/a | 821 | 1,130 | 833 |
Azaleas, indoor | 1,201 | 1,131 | 930 | 611 | 656 |
Zinnias, outdoor | n/a | n/a | 345 | 305 | 254 |
Argyranthemum, outdoor | 416 | 410 | 299 | 319 | 251 |
Rudbeckias, outdoor | n/a | n/a | 147 | 190 | 180 |
Heliopsis, outdoor | n/a | n/a | 67 | 42 | 48 |
Other indoor pots | 17,337 | 17,962 | 15,597 | 13,241 | 15,281 |
Other outdoor pots | 46,305 | 54,736 | 48,503 | 44,872 | 48,745 |
Total potted plants | 192,055 | 217,189 | 216,382 | 209,260 | 219,561 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0021-01 Production of plants, flowers and tree seedlings |
1.8. Production of cuttings by variety (number in thousands)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Geraniums, cuttings | 10,999 | 13,651 | 14,095 | 12,318 | 11,316 |
Poinsettias, cuttings | 3,885 | 4,494 | 5,424 | 5,159 | 5,046 |
Chrysanthemums, cuttings | 4,708 | 3,926 | 3,897 | 4,115 | 4,001 |
Impatiens, cuttings | 4,447 | 4,578 | 4,809 | 4,153 | 3,821 |
Other cuttings | 73,183 | 71,692 | 61,519 | 62,164 | 60,429 |
Total cuttings | 97,223 | 98,342 | 89,744 | 87,910 | 84,614 |
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0021-01 Production of plants, flowers and tree seedlings |
1.9. Production of cut flowers[1] by variety (number in thousands)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tulips, stems | 117,567 | 120,021 | 111,177 | 119,132 | 124,903 |
Gerberas, stems | 74,284 | 75,229 | 87,778 | 81,079 | 80,320 |
Chrysanthemums, stems | 32,470 | 33,562 | 25,377 | 23,142 | 21,773 |
Snapdragons, stems | 13,835 | 12,146 | 23,772 | 18,864 | 20,729 |
Lilies, stems | 9,223 | 9,745 | 11,557 | 9,999 | 12,115 |
Alstroemerias, stems | 10,732 | 12,250 | 8,964 | 7,491 | 5,756 |
Freesias, stems | 4,592 | 4,576 | 5,821 | 5,979 | 4,746 |
Lisianthus, stems | 2,456 | 5,499 | 5,793 | 5,440 | 4,017 |
Roses, stems | 5,944 | 5,388 | x | 4,417 | 3,557 |
Daffodils, stems | 6,618 | 4,061 | 3,746 | 2,623 | 2,760 |
Irises, stems | 4,638 | 3,239 | x | 1,834 | 2,033 |
Other cut flowers | 35,289 | 28,657 | 16,485 | 11,341 | 13,618 |
Total cut flowers | 317,648 | 314,373 | 306,315 | 291,342 | 296,324 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0021-01 Production of plants, flowers and tree seedlings |
1.10. Total sod area by province (hectares)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | 233 | 276 | x | x | 254 |
Prince Edward Island | x | x | x | x | 70 |
Nova Scotia | 1,085 | 1,142 | 999 | 975 | 965 |
New Brunswick | 318 | x | 401 | 467 | 427 |
Quebec | 4,711 | 5,129 | 4,821 | 4,237 | 4,035 |
Ontario | 10,894 | 9,232 | 9,105 | 8,624 | 7,927 |
Manitoba | x | 1,182 | 780 | 749 | 786 |
Saskatchewan | 614 | 654 | 613 | 564 | 622 |
Alberta | 4,234 | 4,061 | 4,065 | 3,714 | 3,589 |
British Columbia | 862 | 849 | 811 | 859 | 827 |
Canada | 24,225 | 22,914 | 21,915 | 20,522 | 19,500 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0034-01 Estimates of sod area, sales and resales |
1.11. Sod operations[1] by province (number)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | 20 | 20 | 20 | 23 | 21 |
Prince Edward Island | 3 | 2 | x | 4 | 3 |
Nova Scotia | 10 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
New Brunswick | 9 | 9 | x | 9 | 10 |
Quebec | 62 | 58 | 60 | 61 | 58 |
Ontario | 80 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 |
Manitoba | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 |
Saskatchewan | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 |
Alberta | 30 | 30 | 26 | 26 | 32 |
British Columbia | 40 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
Canada | 274 | 243 | 240 | 246 | 250 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0034-01 Estimates of sod area, sales and resales |
1.12. Christmas tree production by province (number of farms)
2011 | 2016 | |
---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | 19 | 11 |
Prince Edward Island | 20 | 18 |
Nova Scotia | 447 | 319 |
New Brunswick | 157 | 97 |
Quebec | 379 | 343 |
Ontario | 647 | 530 |
Manitoba | 60 | 39 |
Saskatchewan | 41 | 31 |
Alberta | 105 | 83 |
British Columbia | 506 | 401 |
Canada | 2,381 | 1,872 |
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0421-01 Christmas trees |
1.13. Christmas tree production by province (hectares)
2011 | 2016 | |
---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | 116 | 71 |
Prince Edward Island | 140 | 134 |
Nova Scotia | 7,663 | 6,179 |
New Brunswick | 2,131 | 1,785 |
Quebec | 8,347 | 8,255 |
Ontario | 5,955 | 4,456 |
Manitoba | 472 | 178 |
Saskatchewan | 305 | 265 |
Alberta | 565 | 449 |
British Columbia | 2,621 | 2,016 |
Canada | 28,315 | 23,787 |
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0421-01 Christmas trees |
2. Sales and resales
2.1. Ornamental sales and resales by sub-sector (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Greenhouse flower and plants | 1,443.0 | 1,506.0 | 1,510.2 | 1,503.9 | 1,556.7 |
Nursery[1] | 747.2 | 759.5 | 670.5 | 659.5 | 643.5 |
Sod | 162.4 | 157.0 | 146.8 | 147.3 | 140.4 |
Total | 2,190.1 | 2,422.5 | 2,327.4 | 2,310.7 | 2,340.6 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada. Tables 32-10-0023-01, 32-10-0032-01 and 32-10-0034-01 |
2.2. Greenhouse flower and plant sales by category (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Potted plants[1] | 706.4 | 785.9 | 811.6 | 789.7 | 830.5 |
Bedding plants, ornamental | 190.9 | 179.8 | 192.2 | 204.2 | 205.0 |
Cut flowers | 150.1 | 146.6 | 140.1 | 127.8 | 133.3 |
Cuttings | 51.6 | 49.9 | 44.2 | 44.8 | 44.2 |
Total | 1,098.9 | 1,162.1 | 1,188.0 | 1,166.5 | 1,213.0 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0246-01 Production and sale of greenhouse flowers and plants |
2.3. Greenhouse flower and plant sales and resales[1] by province (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | 9.2 | 8.1 | x | 8.7 | 8.6 |
Prince Edward Island | 5.3 | 5.1 | x | 5.5 | 5.6 |
Nova Scotia | 16.1 | 13.4 | 17.0 | 13.0 | 12.7 |
New Brunswick | 34.6 | 37.9 | x | 44.3 | 45.2 |
Quebec | 161.5 | 163.8 | 177.0 | 192.6 | 216.3 |
Ontario | 757.6 | 795.4 | 790.5 | 774.9 | 797.5 |
Manitoba | 34.4 | F | 33.6 | 33.4 | 35.2 |
Saskatchewan | 17.2 | 16.0 | 13.2 | 10.9 | 12.1 |
Alberta | 85.9 | 78.9 | 77.3 | 76.9 | 80.2 |
British Columbia | 321.1 | 352.8 | 343.8 | 343.9 | 343.4 |
Canada | 1,443.0 | 1,506.0 | 1,510.2 | 1,503.9 | 1,556.7 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0023-01 Total value of greenhouse products |
2.4. Greenhouse flower and plant sales and resales by province – percent share, 2018

Description - Greenhouse flower and plant sales and resales by province – percent share
- Ontario, 51%
- British Columbia, 22%
- Quebec, 14%
- Alberta, 5%
- New Brunswick, 3%
- Others, 5%
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0023-01 Total value of greenhouse products
2.5. Nursery stock[1] sales and resales by province (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.6 | x | x | x | 0.8 |
Prince Edward Island | 2.0 | x | x | x | 0.9 |
Nova Scotia | 10.6 | 12.1 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.7 |
New Brunswick | 4.7 | 5.6 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 3.3 |
Quebec | 101.8 | 106.0 | 89.4 | 87.7 | 86.1 |
Ontario | 309.1 | 312.3 | 303.6 | 290.4 | 269.9 |
Manitoba | 15.2 | 14.8 | 15.2 | 14.4 | 15.5 |
Saskatchewan | 7.1 | 8.1 | 5.1 | 6.2 | 5.2 |
Alberta | 57.9 | 55.6 | 47.0 | 47.2 | 48.4 |
British Columbia | 238.2 | 243.0 | 194.3 | 198.1 | 202.6 |
Canada | 747.2 | 759.5 | 670.5 | 659.5 | 643.5 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0032-01 Nursery stock sales and resales |
2.6. Nursery stock sales and resales by province – percentage share, 2018

Description - Nursery stock sales and resales by province – percent share
- Ontario, 42%
- British Columbia, 31%
- Quebec, 13%
- Alberta, 8%
- Others, 6%
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0032-01 Nursery stock sales and resales
2.7. Nursery stock resales by province (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | x | x | 0.3 | 0.5 | x |
Prince Edward Island | x | x | x | 0.0 | x |
Nova Scotia | 2.1 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
New Brunswick | F | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | x |
Quebec | 16.0 | 15.0 | 16.5 | 17.1 | 15.2 |
Ontario | 71.4 | 72.3 | 81.3 | 72.1 | 72.0 |
Manitoba | 2.0 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
Saskatchewan | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 1.8 |
Alberta | 7.3 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 7.4 | 8.8 |
British Columbia | 31.4 | 29.2 | 27.1 | 28.4 | 29.0 |
Canada[1] | 133.3 | 133.5 | 139.9 | 131.6 | 131.0 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0032-01 Nursery stock sales and resales |
2.8. Sod sales and resales[1] by province (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | n/a | n/a | 2.5 | x | 2.7 |
Prince Edward Island | n/a | n/a | x | x | 0.6 |
Nova Scotia | n/a | n/a | 3.5 | 4.1 | 3.9 |
New Brunswick | n/a | n/a | x | 3.0 | 2.7 |
Quebec | n/a | n/a | 31.8 | 29.7 | 29.3 |
Ontario | n/a | n/a | 56.9 | 59.1 | 54.5 |
Manitoba | n/a | n/a | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.1 |
Saskatchewan | n/a | n/a | 4.4 | 3.9 | 4.3 |
Alberta | n/a | n/a | 28.6 | 27.8 | 26.6 |
British Columbia | n/a | n/a | 11.4 | 12.0 | 11.5 |
Canada | n/a | n/a | 146.8 | 147.3 | 140.4 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0034-01 Estimates of sod area, sales and resales |
3. Channels of distribution
3.1. Channels of distribution for flowers and plant sales and resales (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mass market chain stores | 446.9 | 451.8 | 476.1 | 488.7 | 476.9 |
Domestic wholesalers | 269.3 | 289.6 | 278.8 | 283.1 | 305.9 |
Direct sales to the public[1] | 221.6 | 215.7 | 224.1 | 201.4 | 220.2 |
Retail florists | 184.4 | 191.4 | 171.1 | 165.7 | 182.9 |
Other greenhouses | 137.1 | 167.8 | 161.2 | 175.2 | 160.6 |
Exported | 118.5 | 123.2 | 144.4 | 141.9 | 159.6 |
Government and public agencies | 20.4 | 20.2 | 13.1 | 11.6 | 12.2 |
Other channels | 44.7 | 46.4 | 41.3 | 36.2 | 38.5 |
Total sales[2] | 1,443.0 | 1,506.0 | 1,510.2 | 1,503.9 | 1,556.7 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0022-01 Channels of distribution for horticulture product sales and resales |
3.2. Channels of distribution for flowers and plant sales and resales, 2013–2017

Description - Channels of distribution for flower and plant sales and resales
Description of this image may be found in the preceding section 3.1.
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0022-01 Channels of distribution for horticulture product sales and resales
3.3. Channels of distribution for nursery product sales and resales (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Landscape contractors | 173.4 | 171.2 | 177.1 | 182.4 | 168.2 |
Garden centres | 140.3 | 141.1 | 130.8 | 122.3 | 114.1 |
Mass market chain stores | 112.1 | 123.8 | 107.8 | 100.7 | 103.5 |
Direct sales to the public[1] | 81.3 | 79.0 | 75.1 | 89.4 | 92.3 |
Other growers | 66.0 | 69.6 | 79.4 | 75.2 | 73.8 |
Exported | 17.8 | 29.6 | 22.2 | 25.7 | 28.7 |
Government and public agencies | 53.0 | 54.9 | 31.2 | 23.9 | 22.4 |
Fruit growers | 34.3 | 34.4 | 22.9 | 20.2 | 19.7 |
Other channels | 68.9 | 55.8 | 24.0 | 19.9 | 20.7 |
Total sales[2] | 747.2 | 759.5 | 670.5 | 659.5 | 643.5 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0033-01 Channels of distribution for nursery product sales and resales |
3.4. Channels of distribution for nursery product sales and resales, 2014–2018

Description - Channels of distribution for flower and plant sales and resales
Description of this image may be found in the preceding section 3.3.
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0033-01 Channels of distribution for nursery product sales and resales
4. Operating expenses
4.1. Greenhouse flower and plant[1] producers' operating expenses by category (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gross yearly payroll[2] | 338.7 | 339.7 | 322.6 | 294.7 | 291.4 |
Plant material purchases for growing on[3] | 211.1 | 221.2 | 216.0 | 219.9 | 213.4 |
Plant material purchases for resale[3] | 135.0 | 127.5 | 114.4 | 113.2 | 112.0 |
Fuel | 66.0 | 61.5 | 55.3 | 54.2 | 57.7 |
Electricity[4] | 26.9 | 27.7 | 28.9 | 25.8 | 26.0 |
Other crop expenses[5] | 107.7 | 124.4 | 141.2 | 156.8 | 151.8 |
Other operating expenses[6] | 215.4 | 211.8 | 208.5 | 183.2 | 178.7 |
Total operating expenses[7] | 1,100.8 | 1,113.7 | 1,086.8 | 1,047.9 | 1,031.0 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0025-01 Specialized greenhouse producers' operating expenses |
4.2. Greenhouse flower and plant producers' operating expenses by province (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atlantic provinces | 53.8 | 55.0 | 52.0 | 54.6 | 54.9 |
Quebec | 124.1 | 114.1 | 119.0 | 115.8 | 115.7 |
Ontario | 566.5 | 597.8 | 614.7 | 606.4 | 591.8 |
Prairie provinces | 108.3 | 94.9 | 79.3 | 81.4 | 88.5 |
British Columbia | 248.0 | 251.8 | 221.7 | 190.6 | 180.1 |
Canada | 1,100.8 | 1,113.7 | 1,086.8 | 1,047.9 | 1,031.0 |
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0025-01 Specialized greenhouse producers' operating expenses |
4.3. Nursery operating expenses by category (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gross yearly payroll[1] | 235.7 | 233.8 | 201.6 | 197.2 | 189.8 |
Plant material purchases for growing on[2] | 92.1 | 91.3 | 96.4 | 97.2 | 95.9 |
Plant material purchases for resale[2] | 87.9 | 90.0 | 98.4 | 94.3 | 92.7 |
Electricity expenses | n/a | n/a | 5.7 | 4.6 | 5.1 |
Other crop expenses[3] | n/a | n/a | 60.5 | 62.2 | 64.3 |
Other operating expenses[4] | 236.4 | 227.6 | 115.5 | 110.1 | 113.4 |
Total Operating Expenses | 652.1 | 642.7 | 578.2 | 565.6 | 561.2 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0454-01 Nursery and sod producers' operating expenses |
4.4. Nursery operating expenses by province (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.6 | 0.5 | x | x | 0.8 |
Prince Edward Island | 1.5 | 1.3 | x | x | 0.9 |
Nova Scotia | 10.1 | 11.1 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.7 |
New Brunswick | 4.7 | 5.5 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.0 |
Quebec | 91.3 | 95.6 | 78.3 | 78.2 | 75.5 |
Ontario | 275.9 | 268.5 | 272.6 | 257.8 | 250.2 |
Manitoba | 13.2 | 13.8 | 13.0 | 12.7 | 13.1 |
Saskatchewan | 6.4 | 6.4 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 4.6 |
Alberta | 51.1 | 50.4 | 41.5 | 42.1 | 40.5 |
British Columbia | 197.3 | 189.7 | 153.4 | 154.7 | 162.1 |
Canada | 652.1 | 642.7 | 578.2 | 565.6 | 561.2 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0454-01 Nursery and sod producers' operating expenses |
4.5. Sod operating expenses by category (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gross yearly payroll[1] | 47.3 | 45.6 | 40.8 | 38.9 | 37.4 |
Sod purchases for resale | 2.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 2.7 | 2.5 |
Other operating expenses[2] | 84.2 | 78.3 | 75.1 | 71.7 | 65.8 |
Total operating expenses[3] | 134.1 | 125.6 | 117.4 | 113.3 | 105.7 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0454-01 Nursery and sod producers' operating expenses |
4.6. Sod operating expenses by province (millions of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.0 | x | 2.0 |
Prince Edward Island | x | x | x | x | 0.4 |
Nova Scotia | 4.8 | x | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.0 |
New Brunswick | x | 1.1 | x | 2.5 | 2.2 |
Quebec | 27.4 | 26.9 | 24.5 | 23.7 | 22.1 |
Ontario | 62.3 | 51.0 | 46.4 | 45.0 | 41.8 |
Manitoba | 4.2 | 4.6 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.8 |
Saskatchewan | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 3.3 |
Alberta | 19.5 | 21.6 | 22.0 | 18.8 | 17.2 |
British Columbia | 8.4 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 9.9 |
Canada[1] | 134.1 | 125.6 | 117.4 | 113.3 | 105.7 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0454-01 Nursery and sod producers' operating expenses |
5. Labour
5.1. Nursery, sod and greenhouse flowers total employees
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nursery | Seasonal employees[1] | 9,841 | 9,643 | 7,896 | 7,184 | 6,806 |
Permanent employees[2] | 4,046 | 3,862 | 3,560 | 3,331 | 3,048 | |
Total employees | 13,887 | 13,505 | 11,456 | 10,515 | 9,854 | |
Sod | Seasonal employees[1] | 1,287 | 1,225 | 1,117 | 1,140 | 1,072 |
Permanent employees[2] | 509 | 480 | 461 | 428 | 392 | |
Total employees | 1,796 | 1,705 | 1,578 | 1,568 | 1,464 | |
Specialized greenhouse flowers and plants | Seasonal employees[1] | 12,315 | 11,867 | 10,893 | 10,195 | 9,725 |
Permanent employees[2] | 6,796 | 6,627 | 6,288 | 5,691 | 5,380 | |
Total employees | 19,111 | 18,494 | 17,181 | 15,886 | 15,105 | |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada. Tables 32-10-0026-01 and 32-10-0028-01 |
5.2. Total employees by sector, 2014–2018

Description - Total employees by sector
Description of this image may be found in the preceding section 5.1.
Source: Statistics Canada. Tables 32-10-0026-01 and 32-10-0028-01
6. Trade
6.1. Canadian ornamental trade balance by category (thousands of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bulbs, tubers, tuberous roots, etc. | Exports | 18,069 | 19,662 | 22,195 | 22,050 | 21,959 |
Imports | 51,250 | 52,589 | 54,525 | 53,370 | 55,895 | |
Trade balance | −33,181 | −32,928 | −32,329 | −31,320 | −33,936 | |
Other live plants, including their roots, cuttings and slips, etc. | Exports | 246,122 | 300,877 | 321,483 | 339,499 | 363,530 |
Imports | 204,963 | 231,393 | 241,080 | 262,371 | 275,824 | |
Trade balance | 41,158 | 69,484 | 80,403 | 77,128 | 87,706 | |
Cut flowers and flower buds for bouquets or ornamental purposes, etc. | Exports | 51,054 | 62,653 | 75,413 | 76,140 | 80,067 |
Imports | 156,332 | 168,054 | 165,028 | 172,869 | 170,320 | |
Trade balance | −105,278 | −105,401 | −89,615 | −96,729 | −90,254 | |
Foliage, branches and other parts of plants, etc.[1] | Exports | 51,179 | 54,954 | 57,945 | 63,034 | 77,428 |
Imports | 33,339 | 36,909 | 37,766 | 42,464 | 45,220 | |
Trade balance | 17,840 | 18,044 | 20,179 | 20,570 | 32,208 | |
Total | Exports | 366,424 | 438,145 | 477,037 | 500,722 | 542,983 |
Imports | 445,884 | 488,945 | 498,399 | 531,074 | 547,259 | |
Overall trade balance | −79,460 | −50,801 | −21,362 | −30,351 | −4,277 | |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, July 2019) |
6.2. Exports
6.2.1. Canadian floriculture and nursery exports[1] by province (thousands of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 |
Prince Edward Island | 2,564 | 3,222 | 3,667 | 3,776 | 4,318 |
Nova Scotia | 16,007 | 20,472 | 18,387 | 18,645 | 17,670 |
New Brunswick | 32,515 | 28,895 | 31,614 | 30,331 | 34,374 |
Quebec | 28,405 | 37,627 | 39,640 | 44,837 | 54,557 |
Ontario | 204,000 | 249,566 | 275,071 | 289,460 | 312,372 |
Manitoba | 925 | 1,288 | 1,361 | 1,274 | 1,305 |
Saskatchewan | 49 | 68 | 62 | 134 | 92 |
Alberta | 189 | 279 | 328 | 163 | 219 |
British Columbia | 81,770 | 96,724 | 106,907 | 112,102 | 118,068 |
Canada[2] | 366,424 | 438,145 | 477,037 | 500,722 | 542,983 |
Notes:
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, July 2019) |
6.2.2. Floriculture and nursery exports by province, 2014–2018

Description - Floriculture and nursery exports by province
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ontario | 204,000 | 249,566 | 275,071 | 289,460 | 312,372 |
British Columbia | 81,770 | 96,724 | 106,907 | 112,102 | 118,068 |
Quebec | 28,405 | 37,627 | 39,640 | 44,837 | 54,557 |
New Brunswick | 32,515 | 28,895 | 31,614 | 30,331 | 34,374 |
Nova Scotia | 16,007 | 20,472 | 18,387 | 18,645 | 17,670 |
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, July 2019)
6.2.3. Floriculture and nursery exports by province – percent share, 2018

Description - Floriculture and nursery exports by province – percent share
- Ontario, 58%
- British Columbia, 22%
- Quebec, 10%
- New Brunswick, 6%
- Nova Scotia, 3%
- Others, 1%
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, July 2019)
6.2.4. Canada's top ten floriculture and nursery[1] export destinations (thousands of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States | 361,859 | 431,542 | 472,923 | 496,826 | 539,350 |
Panama | 1,417 | 3,343 | 1,738 | 1,901 | 1,683 |
Curaçao | 301 | 241 | 416 | 430 | 286 |
Bermuda | 257 | 219 | 265 | 244 | 265 |
Aruba | 146 | 136 | 218 | 226 | 255 |
Mexico | 32 | 34 | 115 | 0 | 144 |
Japan | 19 | 253 | 205 | 140 | 141 |
Denmark | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96 |
Barbados | 84 | 100 | 99 | 108 | 94 |
United Arab Emirates | 23 | 52 | 148 | 87 | 93 |
Others | 2,286 | 2,225 | 910 | 759 | 577 |
Total | 366,424 | 438,145 | 477,037 | 500,722 | 542,983 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, July 2019) |
6.2.5. Christmas tree exports by province[1] (thousands of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prince Edward Island | 15 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Nova Scotia | 6,002 | 8,628 | 7,208 | 7,072 | 6,701 |
New Brunswick | 8,522 | 7,903 | 7,894 | 7,297 | 11,233 |
Quebec | 17,751 | 24,373 | 27,426 | 34,157 | 43,848 |
Ontario | 228 | 473 | 474 | 863 | 649 |
Manitoba | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
Saskatchewan | 41 | 21 | 34 | 9 | 24 |
British Columbia | 18 | 22 | 53 | 9 | 686 |
Canada | 32,576 | 41,438 | 43,090 | 49,406 | 63,150 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, July 2019) |
6.2.6. Christmas tree exports by province[1] (number)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prince Edward Island | 550 | 590 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Nova Scotia | 375,160 | 365,095 | 353,586 | 317,438 | 280,512 |
New Brunswick | 267,255 | 266,669 | 298,425 | 250,557 | 314,687 |
Québec | 865,279 | 1,061,691 | 1,265,217 | 1,666,198 | 1,624,998 |
Ontario | 13,904 | 21,699 | 23,491 | 34,486 | 25,040 |
Manitoba | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 851 |
Saskatchewan | 4,334 | 1,665 | 2,412 | 695 | 1,425 |
British Columbia | 2,965 | 2,326 | 9,358 | 713 | 25,597 |
Canada | 1,529,447 | 1,719,735 | 1,952,489 | 2,270,087 | 2,273,110 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, July 2019) |
6.2.7. Christmas tree exports by province, 2014–2018

Description - Christmas tree exports by province
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quebec | 17,751 | 24,373 | 27,426 | 34,157 | 43,848 |
New Brunswick | 8,522 | 7,903 | 7,894 | 7,297 | 11,233 |
Nova Scotia | 6,002 | 8,628 | 7,208 | 7,072 | 6,701 |
British Columbia | 18 | 22 | 53 | 9 | 686 |
Ontario | 228 | 473 | 474 | 863 | 649 |
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, July 2019)
6.2.8. Christmas tree exports by province – percentage share, 2018

Description - Christmas tree exports by province – percentage share
- Quebec, 69%
- New Brunswick, 18%
- Nova Scotia, 11%
- Others, 2%
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, July 2019)
6.2.9. Canada's top ten Christmas tree destinations (thousands of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States | 29,822 | 36,666 | 39,662 | 46,043 | 60,224 |
Panama | 1,417 | 3,343 | 1,738 | 1,901 | 1,683 |
Curaçao | 301 | 241 | 416 | 430 | 286 |
Aruba | 146 | 136 | 218 | 226 | 255 |
Bermuda | 257 | 219 | 264 | 242 | 243 |
United Arab Emirates | 23 | 52 | 148 | 87 | 93 |
Barbados | 57 | 79 | 82 | 88 | 74 |
Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 73 | 60 | 82 | 53 | 57 |
Bahamas | 45 | 33 | 22 | 34 | 55 |
Cayman Islands | 27 | 29 | 29 | 73 | 52 |
Others | 409 | 580 | 429 | 227 | 128 |
Total | 32,576 | 41,438 | 43,090 | 49,406 | 63,150 |
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, August 2019) |
6.2.10. Canada's top ten Christmas tree destinations (number)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States | 1,477,761 | 1,634,249 | 1,866,218 | 2,206,996 | 2,203,756 |
Panama | 22,971 | 53,283 | 51,133 | 32,057 | 35,690 |
Curaçao | 6,838 | 4,407 | 7,680 | 7,856 | 5,975 |
Bermuda | 5,375 | 4,921 | 5,466 | 6,321 | 5,708 |
Aruba | 2,243 | 2,270 | 4,189 | 3,963 | 4,676 |
United Arab Emirates | 360 | 1,364 | 3,921 | 1,906 | 2,220 |
Barbados | 1,123 | 1,482 | 1,620 | 1,745 | 1,935 |
Cayman Islands | 653 | 660 | 1,022 | 1,624 | 1,419 |
Bahamas | 895 | 766 | 333 | 955 | 1,216 |
Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 1,734 | 924 | 1,572 | 1,148 | 872 |
Others | 9,494 | 15,409 | 9,335 | 5,516 | 2,861 |
Total | 1,529,447 | 1,719,735 | 1,952,489 | 2,270,087 | 2,266,328 |
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, August 2019) |
6.2.11. Canada's floriculture and nursery[1] export destinations by U.S. state (thousands of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
New York | 45,220 | 51,935 | 59,799 | 64,505 | 68,115 |
Washington, state | 28,619 | 33,702 | 40,375 | 43,009 | 44,095 |
Florida | 22,746 | 33,916 | 31,400 | 30,236 | 36,013 |
Michigan | 19,819 | 28,058 | 28,805 | 30,244 | 32,657 |
Massachusetts | 28,603 | 31,170 | 33,102 | 32,827 | 31,770 |
California | 16,870 | 18,565 | 25,362 | 28,609 | 30,610 |
Illinois | 20,700 | 24,360 | 23,019 | 25,588 | 29,520 |
Pennsylvania | 19,803 | 22,269 | 22,471 | 20,632 | 26,729 |
Maine | 20,154 | 23,486 | 24,252 | 24,838 | 25,338 |
Ohio | 14,051 | 16,302 | 17,790 | 21,844 | 22,691 |
Other U.S. States | 125,275 | 147,779 | 166,546 | 174,495 | 191,802 |
Total, United States | 361,859 | 431,542 | 472,923 | 496,826 | 539,341 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, August 2019) |
6.3. Imports
6.3.1. Floriculture and nursery[1] imports by province (thousands of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Newfoundland and Labrador | 137 | 117 | 101 | 106 | 129 |
Prince Edward Island | 7 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 0 |
Nova Scotia | 1,229 | 1,302 | 1,459 | 1,627 | 1,839 |
New Brunswick | 6,123 | 6,280 | 6,215 | 7,314 | 8,405 |
Quebec | 58,213 | 61,321 | 66,070 | 64,910 | 59,996 |
Ontario | 231,555 | 254,559 | 262,907 | 289,971 | 306,083 |
Manitoba | 35,596 | 33,809 | 32,159 | 27,662 | 30,331 |
Saskatchewan | 2,540 | 5,764 | 5,877 | 2,947 | 4,201 |
Alberta | 7,355 | 7,222 | 7,687 | 15,307 | 11,238 |
British Columbia | 103,129 | 118,565 | 115,915 | 121,226 | 125,035 |
Canada | 445,884 | 488,945 | 498,399 | 531,074 | 547,258 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, August 2019) |
6.3.2. Top ten sources of Canada's floriculture and nursery[1] imports (thousands of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States | 206,689 | 227,716 | 230,182 | 251,838 | 261,500 |
Colombia | 91,996 | 98,089 | 103,526 | 111,072 | 111,380 |
Netherlands | 52,201 | 53,640 | 55,923 | 58,827 | 61,718 |
Ecuador | 41,942 | 45,503 | 39,015 | 37,764 | 36,525 |
Mexico | 6,082 | 7,391 | 8,495 | 8,719 | 10,594 |
Taiwan | 4,510 | 6,606 | 6,780 | 6,660 | 8,280 |
Guatemala | 3,568 | 4,119 | 5,726 | 6,289 | 7,522 |
Costa Rica | 6,056 | 7,092 | 6,197 | 5,458 | 5,548 |
Israel | 4,878 | 4,896 | 4,581 | 5,624 | 5,409 |
India | 2,173 | 3,317 | 3,473 | 3,851 | 4,164 |
Others | 25,789 | 30,577 | 34,500 | 34,972 | 34,619 |
Total | 445,884 | 488,945 | 498,399 | 531,074 | 547,258 |
Note:
Source: Statistics Canada (CATSNet, August 2019) |
7. World data
7.1. Top ten exporting countries for floriculture, nursery, and Christmas trees (thousands of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Netherlands | 12,162,476 | 11,844,251 | 12,851,550 | 13,198,359 | 14,135,998 |
Colombia | 1,527,707 | 1,665,208 | 1,758,789 | 1,846,648 | 1,913,830 |
Germany | 1,235,920 | 1,195,246 | 1,344,479 | 1,335,156 | 1,468,109 |
Italy | 988,773 | 973,549 | 1,113,879 | 1,212,402 | 1,367,968 |
Ecuador | 885,859 | 1,048,778 | 1,071,972 | 1,159,629 | 1,110,364 |
Belgium | 994,081 | 754,075 | 799,354 | 783,256 | 917,653 |
Kenya | 697,890 | 684,999 | 750,210 | 787,804 | 815,550 |
Denmark | 667,243 | 593,382 | 633,217 | 642,251 | 643,143 |
Spain | 440,963 | 400,736 | 476,963 | 530,577 | 625,139 |
United States | 466,089 | 523,056 | 566,164 | 583,930 | 595,165 |
Others[1] | 4,104,771 | 4,447,329 | 4,765,264 | 4,927,859 | 5,255,125 |
Total | 24,171,773 | 24,130,608 | 26,131,839 | 27,007,872 | 28,848,045 |
Note:
Source: Global Trade Tracker (August 2019) |
7.2. Top ten importing countries for floriculture, nursery, and Christmas trees (thousands of Canadian dollars)
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Germany | 3,898,897 | 3,747,037 | 4,082,219 | 4,103,897 | 4,391,935 |
Netherlands | 2,469,744 | 2,963,053 | 3,166,446 | 3,275,447 | 3,491,756 |
United States | 2,176,195 | 2,559,786 | 2,874,627 | 2,969,817 | 3,146,608 |
United Kingdom | 2,034,611 | 2,084,464 | 2,128,309 | 2,013,124 | 2,078,718 |
France | 1,457,999 | 1,416,869 | 1,544,027 | 1,579,549 | 1,695,946 |
Italy | 731,781 | 758,776 | 795,777 | 824,419 | 793,542 |
Japan | 666,928 | 709,944 | 773,311 | 758,318 | 786,886 |
Russian Federation | 938,647 | 917,371 | 766,489 | 739,964 | 774,508 |
Switzerland | 704,681 | 692,001 | 733,054 | 730,484 | 769,641 |
Belgium | 752,283 | 504,559 | 589,458 | 569,031 | 656,055 |
Others[1] | 5,984,907 | 6,321,389 | 6,822,445 | 7,460,260 | 8,257,675 |
Total | 21,816,674 | 22,675,250 | 24,276,162 | 25,024,310 | 26,843,268 |
Note:
Source: Global Trade Tracker (August 2019) |
8. Key Resources
- Global Trade Tracker
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0419-01 Nursery and sod
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0420-01 Greenhouse products and mushrooms
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0421-01 Christmas trees
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0019-01 Estimates of specialized greenhouse operations, greenhouse area, and months of operation
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0246-01 Production and sale of greenhouse flowers and plants
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0021-01 Production of plants, flowers and tree seedlings
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0034-01 Estimates of sod area, sales and resales
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0023-01 Total value of greenhouse products
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0032-01 Nursery stock sales and resales
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0022-01 Channels of distribution for horticulture product sales and resales
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0033-01 Channels of distribution for nursery product sales and resales
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0025-01 Specialized greenhouse producers' operating expenses
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0454-01 Nursery and sod producers' operating expenses
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0026-01 Total greenhouse, sod and nursery employees
- Statistics Canada. Table 32-10-0028-01 Total number of employees of specialized greenhouse operations
- Statistics Canada. CATSNet
- HS Codes: All import and export H.S. codes fall under Chapter 06 of the Custom Tariff.
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